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Abstract From elementary particles to cosmological structures, topological solitons are ubiquitous nonlinear excitations valued for their robustness and complex interactions. In magnetism, solitons such as skyrmions and antiskyrmions behave analogously to particles and antiparticles, typically annihilating in pairs in accordance with topological conservation laws. Here the stripe‐to‐skyrmion transition is experimentally observed and a model for a skyrmion–antiskyrmion–skyrmion intertwined state is introduced, in which the central antiskyrmion is annihilated, leading to an increase in the local topological number. Because this transition occurs repeatedly across the film, the cumulative effect produces a global increase in the total topological charge. This model reflects a breakdown of topological protection in isotropic Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI) materials, where symmetry constraints render the antiskyrmion energetically unstable and thermally activated. Using micromagnetic simulations and minimum‐energy‐path calculations, the antiskyrmion is identified as a transient, metastable excitation. To highlight its functional potential, this stripe‐to‐skyrmion transition within a Hall device is exploited to generate stochastic bitstreams, which are subsequently used in a proof‐of‐concept probabilistic computing demonstration. These results contribute to the understanding of topological spin‐texture dynamics and suggest opportunities for leveraging their transient behavior in probabilistic computing architectures. 

The electric field manipulates the spin chirality and skyrmion motion direction in a magnetic heterostructure. 

Abstract Topological insulators (TI) and magnetic topological insulators (MTI) can apply highly efficient spin‐orbit torque (SOT) and manipulate the magnetization with their unique topological surface states (TSS) with ultrahigh efficiency. Here, efficient SOT switching of a hard MTI, V‐doped (Bi,Sb)₂Te₃(VBST), with a large coercive field that can prevent the influence of an external magnetic field, is demonstrated. A giant switched anomalous Hall resistance of 9.2 kΩ is realized, among the largest of all SOT systems, which makes the Hall channel a good readout and eliminates the need to fabricate complicated magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) structures. The SOT switching current density can be reduced to 2.8 × 10⁵ A cm⁻², indicating its high efficiency. Moreover, as the Fermi level is moved away from the Dirac point by both gate and composition tuning, VBST exhibits a transition from edge‐state‐mediated to surface‐state‐mediated transport, thus enhancing the SOT effective field to (1.56 ± 0.12) × 10⁻⁶ T A⁻¹ cm²and the interfacial charge‐to‐spin conversion efficiency to 3.9 ± 0.3 nm⁻¹. The findings establish VBST as an extraordinary candidate for energy‐efficient magnetic memory devices. 

Antenna coupled detectors break the intrinsic tradeoff between signal and noise by “collecting over a large area” and “detecting over a small area”. Most antenna coupled detectors in the infrared rely on a metal resonator structure. However, there are losses associated with metallic structures. We have demonstrated a novel long-wave infrared (LWIR) detector that combines a dielectric resonator antenna with an antimonide-based absorber. The detector consists of a 3D, subwavelength InAsSb absorber embedded in a resonant, cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna made of amorphous silicon. This architecture enables the antimonide detection element to shrink to deep subwavelength dimensions, thereby reducing its thermal noise. It is important to note that this concept only applies when (a) the detector noise is limited by bulk noise mechanisms with negligible surface leakage currents and (b) the dominant source of current in the device is due to dark current (such as diffusion) that scales with the volume of the detector. The dielectric resonator enhances the collection of photons with its resonant structure that couples incident radiation to the detector. We will present results on the absorption in structures with and without the dielectric resonator antenna. The signal to noise enhancement in the LWIR photodiodes integrated with the dielectric resonator antenna using radiometric characterization will be discussed.